马克思恩格斯生态思想解读

Interpretation on ecological thoughts of Marx and Engels

马克思和恩格斯不仅共同开创了辩证唯物主义哲学,其生态思想对今天生态哲学的产生亦具有重要的历史意义,打开了哲学转向生态的大门。马克思恩格斯创立的辩证唯物主义自然观把自然界和人类社会都看作一个系统,人类的自然观实现了向生态方向的转向。在人类思维发展的历史过程中,生态思想的历程是曲折的,马克思恩格斯的哲学思想在这个历史过程中发挥了转折性作用,使人类的思维转向生态并产生了今天的生态哲学。马克思恩格斯生态思想倡导关心自然、人与自然协同进化的道德伦理,使道德伦理转向生态,追求世界的主体与客体统一、人与自然统一、人与人统一,达到人、自然界、社会的高度一致。

Marx and Engels created the dialectical materialism philosophy together, and their ecological thoughts have historical significance to the emergence of ecological philosophy nowadays, which opens the door of turning philosophy to ecology. The world view on nature of dialectical materialism created by Marx and Engels looks at the nature and human society as a system. The world view on nature of human being realizes the transformation to ecological orientation. In the development process of thoughts of human being, the course of ecological thoughts is zigzag. The philosophical thoughts of Marx and Engels exert transforming functions in the process, pushing the thoughts of human being turned to ecology, and promoting the emergence of ecological philosophy nowadays. The ecological thoughts of Marx and Engels initiate the moral ethics of concerning nature and coordinate evolution of human and nature, which turns moral ethics to ecology, and pursue the unification of subject and object, human and nature, human and human, in order to attain the highly unification of human, nature and society.