呼吸内科下呼吸道感染的病原菌谱及耐药性研究

Research bacterial spectrum and drug resistance on lower respiratory tract infection in respiratory medicine

目的探讨和分析呼吸内科下呼吸道感染患者的病原菌分布及其耐药性。方法回顾性分析2010年8月～2012年8月在我院呼吸内科住院的下呼吸道感染的患者合格痰标本进行细菌培养,然后进行细菌菌株的鉴定和药物敏感性检测。结果共分离出480株致病菌,其中,革兰阴性菌410株,占85.42%,依次为铜绿假单胞菌138株(占28.75%),鲍曼不动杆菌75株(占15.63%),肺炎克雷伯菌40株(占8.33%),大肠埃希菌37株(占7.71%),嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌29株(占6.04%),真菌91株(占18.96%),主要以白色假丝酵母菌为主;革兰阳性菌70株(占14.58%)。结论呼吸内科下呼吸道感染以革兰阴性杆菌为主,真菌感染率呈增加趋势,不同病原菌对抗生素的敏感性和耐药性差异较大。

Objective To explore and analyze the respiratory department of internal medicine patients with lower respi- ratory tract infection of pathogens and their drug resistance. Methods A retrospective analysis of August 2010 to Au- gust 2012 in our hospital department of respiratory medicine lower respiratory tract infection in patients qualified sputum bacterial culture was performed, then the bacteria identification and drug sensitivity test. Results A total of 480 strains of pathogenic bacteria isolated from, wherein, Gram-negative bacteria strain 410, accounted for 85.42%, followed by Pseudomonas aernginosa strain 138 （28.75%）, Bauman acinetobacter strain 75 （15.63%）, 40 strains of Kleb- siella pneumoniae （8.33%）, Escherichia eoli （37 strains 7.71%）, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in 29 strains （6.04%） and 91 strains of fungus （18.96%）, mainly in Candida albieans, 70 strains of Gram-positive bacteria （14.58%）. Con- clusion Respiratory department of internal medicine of lower respiratory tract infection with gram-negative bacilli, fun- gi infection rate was increased trend of different pathogens, antibiotic sensitivity and resistance difference.