组织培养创造抗白粉病小麦-簇毛麦染色体易位及分子标记辅助选择

Tissue Culture Induced Translocation Conferring Powdery Mildew Resistance Between Wheat and Dasypyrum villosum and Its Marker-assisted Selection

对175株普通小麦与6D／6V代换系杂种当代幼胚培养再生植株进行谷草转氨酶同工酶分析，其中来自杂交组合遗4095×RW15（6D／6V代换系）的2个植株（编号分别为98R149和98R159）GOT－V2编码的6VL特异酶带缺失，SCAR标记分析证实了这2个植株存在6VS染色体臂，以簇毛麦总基因组DNA作探针的荧光原位杂交分析进一步确定了2个植株的6V染色体与小麦染色体发生了易位。用河北省采集的白粉病混合小种接种鉴定，两个植株均表现免疫。结果为利用组织培养有目的地创造可用的易位系提供了又一个实例。

Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT)electrophoretic analyses were Performed in 175 regenerants arising from immature embryos of crosses between wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and 6D / 6V substitution stocks. The GOT-V2, coding specific enzyme band was absent in two regenerants, designated 98R149 and 98R159 respectively, originated from cross of Yi 4095 and 6D / 6V substitution stick c.v. RW15. Pm21 gene linked SCARs (Sequence Characteried Amplifled Regions) analysis indicated that 6VS chromosome arms existed in 98R149 and 98R159. Fluorescence in situ hybridization with total genomic DNA extrdeted from Dasypyrum villosum (L) as a probe confirmed the occurrence of translocation between 6V chromosome and a wheat one in the two regenerants mentioned above. 98R149 and 98R159 were immune to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminisDC. f sp. tritici) inoculation with mix races collected from Hebei Province. The results of the present paper added another feasible example of useful translocations via hssue culture.