级差地域视野中的人地关系变迁初论——以清代中晚期的西北地区为例

Changes in the Man-land Relationship in Light of Differential Regions——A Case Study of Northwest China in the Middle and Late Qing Dynasty

清代中晚期,政府为了社会经济发展的需要,大量进行移民和大规模的开垦土地,这种掠夺性经营西北的方式,使得很多不适宜进行农业生产的土地被开发出来,西北的环境在清中晚期持续恶化,成为当时全国自然生态环境最为恶劣的地区。呈现级差地域特点的自然环境直接制约着该地区社会经济的发展,植被破坏、土地贫瘠化的加剧,影响到该地区的农业生产,破坏了的自然环境给清时期西北地区社会经济的发展提供了一个残破的环境背景。

In the middle and late Qing dynasty, to satisfy the demand for social and economic ctevelopment, the Qing government ordered many people to emigrate and reclaim land on a large scale, which was such a predatory way of exploring the Northwest China that stretches of land, not suitable for agricultural production. Consequently, the local environment was worsening more and more by the middle and late Qing dynasty. As a result of this, the natural eeo - environment in the northwest became the worst in China. The natural environment with differential regions directly hindered the local social and economic development, vegetation deterioration and intensifying impoverished land greatly affected the local agricultural production, the imbalanced natural environment provided the local social and economic development with a disrupted surrounding in the northwestern regions.