从“春秋五例”看杜甫诗歌含蓄的表现手法

Implicit Expression Methods in Du Fu's Poems from Perspective of 5 Cases of Spring and Autumn

杜甫诗歌中含蓄的表现手法的运用,形成一种杜诗特有的"意在言外"的语境和审美空间,从而避免了径露直白的直抒胸臆,同时加以灵活多变的艺术手法,这就赋予其诗歌摇曳多姿、跌宕起伏、言浅意深的恒久魅力。而这种"言此意彼"的含蓄的表现手法很显然是受到了儒家经典《春秋左氏传》中"春秋五例"的表现手法的影响。"春秋五例"是对"春秋笔法""比兴手法"所开创的文史系统的继承和发展。杜诗中含蓄的表现手法和对"春秋五例"的自觉运用形成了杜诗特有的"沉郁顿挫"的艺术风格。

The skillful use of implicit expression method in Du Fu＇s poems developed into a mood of implied meaning and aesthetic space which is Du Fu＇s special skill, avoided directly pouring out one＇s heart, and diversifies the artistic methods. This bestowed his poems with everlasting charm of diversity, rich rhythm and comprehensiveness in conciseness. This implicit expression method is obviously under the influence of ＂5 eases of Spring and Autumn＂. ＂5 cases of Spring and Autumn＂ is the inheritance and development of literary tradition started with ＂Method of Spring and Autumn＂ and ＂Bixing＂ （rhetorical methods of analogy and representation）. The use of implicit expression methods and ＂5 cases of Spring and Autumn＂ help 1）u Fu＇s poems achieve its own artistic style of ＂gloom and rhythm＂.