再论用科学态度研究马克思主义经济学

A Second Discussion on the Use of Scientifical Attitude to Study Marxist Economics

马克思主义经济学的科学性,既不能单纯地通过马克思经济学文本研究加以证明,也不能靠多数投票规则来认定,更不能以拥护者或反对者的评价为依据。马克思主义经济学的科学性只能通过逻辑检验和经验验证来证明。坚持、发展和创新马克思主义经济学,最重要的是用马克思的方法一方面去解决马克思理论自身所包含的矛盾,另一方面去分析现实经济生活,从丰富具体的实践中抽象出一般经济范畴,用以揭示经济关系的本质。根据一般特殊个别的辩证法和最一般的抽象产生的逻辑过程,社会主义的本质属性只能来自于对现实各种形态的社会主义实践的概括,而不能照搬100多年前马克思主义经典作家对未来社会的设想和预言。而社会主义初级阶段作为社会主义的特殊形式,其本质属性只能区别于社会主义其他具体形式如社会主义高级阶段,但不能有悖于社会主义的一般规定。

The scientificalness of Marxist Economics can be verified not just by the text study of Marxian Economics,nor by majority voting rule and evaluation of its advocators or protestors.It can only be verified by Logic test and experience evidence.To have persisting,developing and innovating of Marxist Economics,it is important that we should apply the Marxian method to solve the contradictions in it,and to analyze the realistic economic life,abstract general economic category from abundant and concrete practice,in order to reveal the nature of economic relationships.According to the Dialectics of generality,specificity,individuality,and the logic formation process of the most general abstraction,the nature of Socialism can only be defined by summarizing all kinds of realistic Socialist practices.We can not simply have direct implementation of Marx's anticipation of future society.The nature of the primary stage of Socialism is a little different from the advanced stage of Socialism.It should be in accord with the general definition of Socialism.