安徽药菊脱病毒苗的染色体研究

Study on Chromosomes of Virus-Free Medicinal Chrysanthemum in Anhui

本文对安徽药菊花三个品种及其经脱病毒处理后的组培苗进行了染色体数目的比较观察。结果表明:亳菊、滁菊、贡菊三个品种脱毒前后染色体数大多均为4倍体(2n=4x=36,x=9),脱毒处理没有造成各药菊遗传种性的明显变异。此外、亳菊大田苗有少数奇数多倍体(2n=5x=45),其脱病毒苗除此之外还出现非整倍体变异(2n=43);贡菊大田苗有少数非整倍体(2n=28),其脱病毒苗出现少数奇数多倍体(2n=3x=27)。

The chromosome number of three Anhui medicinal chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. ) was compared with that of three tissue culture plantlets after eliminating vitus. These chrysanthemum are known by the name of Bo-chrysanthemum Ghu-chrysanthemum and Gong-chrysanthemum. The observation showed that most chromosome number of three chrysanthemum varieties including both virus-free plantlets and farm plants were tetraploid (2n=4x = 36 ) , and that a small number of Bo-chrysanthemum farm plants were perissoploid ( 2n = 45 ) and of its virus-free plantlets presented aneuploid variation(2n = 43);besides,a small number of Gong-chrysanthemum farm plants were aneuploid(2n = 28 ) , of its virus-free plantlets were perissoploid (2n = 27). Eliminating viruses made no variation on genetical stability of Anhui Chrysanthemum.