转变中的乡村人民法庭——以鄂西南锦镇人民法庭为中心

The Changing Village People's Tribunal:Empirical Study on Jinzhen People's Tribunal in Southwest Hubei Province

20世纪末至今,乡村人民法庭自身建设取得了长足的进展,其无论是在人员配备、办公条件还是日常管理等方面均有显著改善。与此同时,乡村法官的办案方式亦随之发生了微妙的变化,法官们越来越习惯于坐堂问案,而非携卷下乡。然而,由于缺乏系统的现代法治理念和制度支撑,乡村人民法庭的种种积极转变,并未导致乡村司法的法治化,而是陷入"内卷化"的困境,即一方面乡村人民法庭经过多年的发展渐趋现代化、正规化,其运作方式亦趋于形式化;另一方面乡村司法的结果却是一种"两不是的草率判决",乡村人民法庭本身亦发展为一种机会主义的运作单位。欲走出此种困境,须转变传统追求实质正义的司法理念,重新重视程序的保障作用。

The rural people＇s tribunal construction has achieved rapid development since the end of last century.There is a significant progress with the personnel allocation,office conditions,daily management and so forth.Meanwhile,the means of cases handling has changed subtly.However,due to the deficiency of modern law ideas and institutional guarantee,various transformations of rural people＇s tribunal have not led to legalization of the rural justice,but made it fall into the dilemma of involvement.On the one hand,the people＇s tribunal has become modernization,normalization as well as formalization in operation way.On the other hand,the result of rural justice appears neither legalization form anarchismform,and the rural people＇s tribunal itself shows an opportunism tendency.To get rid of this puzzled,the author suggests change our concept and pay more attention to the procedure of rural justice.