专家对19世纪上半期德国交通政策的影响分析

Experts and German Traffic Policy in the First Half of the 19th Century

19世纪上半期,德国的一批专家对政府的交通政策产生了较大的影响。他们给当时奋发向上的市民提供了社会舆论支持,同时他们自己又在更高的舞台上表演。他们在"是否采纳铁路作为交通工具"、"大技术体系"等方面进行了充分的讨论,给政府提供了富有建设性的意见,并由此创造了学者政治的模式。专家们并不谋求直接在政治上发展,而是把自己看成超党派的公众的良心;而政府听取他们的意见,则体现了政府尊重科学的明智之举。

In the first half of the 19th century, a group of German experts played an important role in the government＇s traffic policy. They gave social opinion support to the rising German bourgeois class and meanwhile showed their own abilities on a higher stage. By conducting a full discussion on such pubic issues as ＂Whether or Not to Adopt Railway as Traffic Tools＂, ＂The System of The Big Technology＂, and so on, these experts gave their government a lot of constructive suggestions and thus created a new national administration pattern involving expert decisions and consultations. The experts did not seek for their own political development directly but regarded themselves as a nonpartisan group who owned a public conscience. Also, the government took their suggestions and advices wisely and embodied its respect for science.