从世界田径锦标赛看我国运动员竞技实力嬗变

To Analyze the Evolution of Our Athletes' Competitive Strength from the World Championships in Athletics

运用文献资料法、数理统计法、对比分析法,以历届世界少年田径锦标赛、第7-13届世界青年田径锦标赛、第7-13届世界田径锦标赛我国运动员奖牌获得项目为依据,借鉴经济学评价系统态势的方法,对我国三个不同年龄阶段运动员竞技实力进行系统对比分析。结果表明,我国成年与青少年竞技实力悬殊且男女子差距明显,奖牌积分呈动态变化,优势厚度分明,项目传承无连续性。完善竞赛体系,科学的选材,有效的"体教结合",杜绝训练早期专项化,延长运动员运动寿命,寻找一条一体化的科学训练模式,是我国竞技田径可持续发展的有益对策。

using the method of literature data, mathematical statistics and comparative analysis as well as based on the events in which our athletes won medals in previous World Youth Championships in Athletics, the 7th to 13th World Junior Championships and World Championships in Athletics, taking the method of economic evaluation of the system momentum and draw a systematically and comparatively analysis on the competitive strength of our athletes of three different ages. The results show that there is a great disparity of competitive strength between China＇s adult and youth as well as women and men. The medal points assume dynamic change , apparent strength thickness and no continuity in project inheritance. Perfect competition system, scientific selection, effective combination of sport and education, putting an end to the early special training , extension of athletes＇sport life span and find an integrative scientific training mode is a beneficial countermeasures to the sustainable development of track and field competition in china.