马克思关于人的真正自由实现的历史路径解析

Analysis of Marx's Historical Path to Achieve Real Freedom

人的自由在人类社会的不同时代,其形式也殊异,它由原始社会的自然权利过渡到阶级社会的特权,至共产主义社会达到本体论意义上的真正自由。关于真正自由的实现路径,众多哲学家采取了审美的、艺术的解决模式,由于忽视人的实践活动,无法透视造成人的二重性分裂和自由丧失的精神劳动和物质劳动分工这一重要源溯,缺乏酝酿自由的历史基础,导致自由的现实性缺失。马克思立足于人类实践,提出真正自由的实现是在生产力发展的基础上,扬弃物质劳动与精神劳动这两大分工,促进私有制的消亡,克服人的内在的二重性衍生出来的一系列二元分裂,达到更高阶段的统一。

People＇s freedom is very different in the different eras of human society. It developed from natural rights of the primitive society to the privileges of the class society, and to achieve true freedom in the sense of ontology of communist society. As for realization path of truly freedom, many philosophers have taken the solvable mode of aesthetics and art. Due to ignoring the practical activities, they can＇t know clearly about the crucial resource of the dual split and the loss of freedom in the division of mental and physical labor, lacking of historical basis that brews freedom, and resulting in the deletion for the free reality. Marx was based on the human practice, put forward the realization of real freedom on the basis of the developing productive forces, and proposed the sublating the two major division of physical and mental labor, to promote the demise of private ownership and overcome the inherent duality of human derived series of binary split for the purpose of reaching a higher stage of unification.