悬臂梁微小形变电测法实验中的力学结构优化设计

Optimal Design of Mechanical System in the Experiment of Electrical Measurement of Cantilever Strain

悬臂梁微小形变的电测法是大学物理实验课程中重要的综合应用型实验之一。由于课程内容的需要,一般忽略砝码加载后的悬臂梁变形,因此必须在应变可测的前提下,悬臂梁的变形角足够小。文章通过对悬臂梁设计厚度和长度的优化计算,使得在较小的悬臂梁变形角和较小的砝码重量条件下,应变可以被常用单臂电桥较为精确的测量,实现了该实验的测量准确度和仪器装置可操作性的最佳平衡。

Electrical measurement of cantilever strain is an important implemented experiment in college physics experiment.For the requirement of course content,the effect of deformation on measurement after load-on is ignored,so the deflection angel should be reduced to a small value.Under the condition of a certain strain,by analysis and calculation,the thickness and length of cantilever are optimal designed to make sure that the deflection angel and required weight are in acceptable values.