道路绿化型式对自然通风影响的计算流体力学仿真分析

CFD Simulation Analysis of Road Greening Patterns on Natural Ventilation

通过建立通风环境计算体系,结合绿化植物多孔介质三维冠层结构的模型,利用计算流体力学CFD仿真软件模拟研究了不同绿化型式对道路自然通风效果的影响。在此基础上,对现场实际测试结果进行了拟合度检验分析。结果证明,乔、灌木绿化型式下的自然风速明显低于单纯乔木绿化型式,表明灌木层的存在直接导致了道路空气流通速度的明显下降。计算机模拟与实际观测的风速衰减率数值有着良好的拟合度,CFD仿真分析能较好地再现道路绿化实际自然通风状况。最后指出CFD仿真技术在预测生态绿化改善城市通风及热环境方面有着广阔前景。

Computational fluid dynamics（CFD） technique was used to simulate the influence of different road greening patterns on natural ventilation. On this basis, the simulation results were analyzed with the real determined ones under the test of goodness of fit. The results show that wind velocity under Tree-Shrub pattern is obvious lower than the greening pattern of single tree layer. The existence of shrub layer led to the clear decline of road natural ventilation. CFD simulation could accurate forecast the real natural ventilation situation of road greening and reveal the well prospects on the application of ecological greening to improve the urban ventilated and thermal environments.