海口地区高校校园鸟类比较

Comparison of Birds in the Campus of Universities of Haikou

2010-2011年,采用样点调查法,每月1次,对海南海口地区的3所高校海南大学、海南师范大学和海南医学院校园内的麻雀(Passer montanus)和其他鸟类进行了调查.结果显示,3所高校校园内的麻雀以海南大学最常见和最多(12只/km2),海南医学院也有一些分布(5只/km2),但海南师范大学校园没有发现麻雀.3所高校的优势鸟种均为暗绿绣眼鸟(Zosterps japoni cus)、白头鹎(Pycnonotus sinensis)和鹊鸲(Copsychus saularis).麻雀作为与人共居的鸟类,广泛分布于中国各地乡村和城镇,尤其每个城市的高校校园鸟类调查中均以麻雀为优势鸟种.在海口地区的3所高校校园,麻雀均不是优势鸟种,这也说明海南岛麻雀稀少、局部地区甚至消失的事实.而在海南岛有麻雀分布的背景下,海南师范大学校园没有发现麻雀活动这一现象实属罕见,其原因有待进一步调查.

Tree Sparrow （Passer montanus）and other birds in the campus of Hainan University （HU）, Hainan Normal University （HNU） and Hainan Medical College （HMC）, Haikou City, Hainan Island, China, were monthly surveyed using point count method during a period of 2010-2011. The results showed that Tree Sparrows were found only in HU （ 12 birds/km2） and HMC （5 birds/km2） but not in HNU. The most common bird species in the three campus are Japanese White-eye （Zosterps japonicus ）, Light-vented Bulbul （Pycnonotus sinensis） and Oriental Magpie Robin （Copsychus sau- laris）. As one of the most abundant birds in China, the Tree Sparrow is believed to be found easily both in the urban and rural areas, especially in the campus of any university. However, the fact that sparrows are not the common bird in all three universities in Haikou indicates sparrows should have been on decline throughout Hainan Island. Yet, it is still an unusual case that no sparrows were found in the HNU campus, and it should be further investigated.