保洁员职业暴露危害的认知调查及对策

Cognition of cleaning staff about harm of occupational exposure and countermeasures

目的了解医院保洁员对职业暴露危害的认知及防护情况,以便针对性提出整改措施。方法采用问卷调查的方法,对医院122名保洁员进行调查。结果保洁员对职业暴露的危害认知不足,自我防护意识差;其中对标准预防概念知晓率31.14%,针刺伤发生率88.52%,但针刺伤后正确处置率仅为35.25%,垃圾分类放置处理正确率83.61%,消毒剂正确保管与使用95.08%。结论保洁员职业暴露危险系数高,对职业暴露危险程度认识不足,医院有必要对他们进行培训、教育及监督指导。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the cognition of cleaning staff about the occupational exposure, and explore the preventive strategies. METHODS A total of t22 cases of hospital cleaners were investigated by questionnaire survey. RESULTS The survey showed that hospital cleaners had insufficient cognition about the harm of occupational exposure and lacked the self protection consciousness. Only 31.14% of them had standard concept prevention awareness, the incidence rate of the needle stick injuries was 75. 64%, and the rate of the correct disposal after the needle stick injuries was 35. 25%, the rate of correct classification of medical waste was 83.61%, the rate of the correct preservation and use of disinfectant was 95.08%. CONCLUSION The hospital cleaners are at the high risk of the occupational exposure and have the insufficient awareness of the occupational exposures it is necessary for the hospital to provide them with the sufficient training, education, supervision and guidance.