教育与劳动力市场的交互关系:一个文献综述

Interaction between Education and Labor Market: A Literature Review

自20世纪60年代以来,随着教育与劳动力市场的交互关系变得日益复杂,极大地激发了各国学者对教育的生产功能与信息功能的研究兴趣。研究表明,教育与劳动力市场的交互作用所显露出来的不平衡和失调,短期内难以通过提高经济增长速度来消除。教育是作为一种必须顺应增长过程的框架,而不是作为一种对于经济过程不可缺少的投入来促进经济增长的。因此,政府在制定教育与经济的发展规划时,应使高等教育规模与经济增长速度相协调,使高等教育毛入学率与人均国内生产总值相协调,以促进教育与经济的均衡、协调、可持续发展。

Since 1960s, when the interaction between education and labor market was becoming increasingly complicated, scholars from various countries have been interested in the research of the production function and information function of education. Studies have shown that it is difficult to eliminate the imbalance and disorder of interaction between education and labor market in the short term by improving economic growth. Education must conform to the growth process as a framework rather than as an indispensable investment. Therefore, when formulating the planning of education and economic development, the government should ensure that the higher education scale should be in coordination with economic growth and the gross enrollment rate of higher education should be fitted into GDP. Thus, education and economy in China will develop harmoniously and sustainably.