茶花花粉生活力及贮藏力的研究

Study on Pollen Vitality and Storage Capacity of Camellia japonica L.

以茶花花粉为试材,采用培养基法研究了不同离体培养茎、不同花粉贮藏时间及不同品种花粉的生活力及贮藏力。结果表明:供试的7个品种最高萌发率均达到90%以上,其中"天山粉"在M1培养基中萌发率最高,达到98.34%,5个品种的花粉萌发率在不同培养基中的差异达到显著性;贮藏时间对花粉萌发率有显著影响,"葡萄汁"在贮藏50d时,花粉萌发率由低温贮藏30d时的87.87%锐减为贮藏50d时的3.18%,贮藏70d时,其萌发率仅为2.02%;不同品种间低温贮藏70d的茶花花粉贮藏力存在极显著性差别,"红露珍"花粉在低温贮藏70d后,仍有38.16%的萌发率,而"葡萄汁"与"歌女"萌发率仅为2.02%和2.69%,已基本失去活性。

Taking the pollens of Camellia japonica L. as materials, the effects of pollen vitality and storage capacity in different culture mediums, different storage time of pollens and different varieties were studied. The results showed that the highest germination rate for all the seven varieties could reach or exceed 90; ,and the ＇Tianshanfen; recorded the highest germination rate （98. 34%） in the M1 mediun; Difference of pollens germination rate for five varieties were significant in different culture mediums ; with the extension of storage time, the pollen germination rate showed significant decreasing trend in ＇Putaozhi;. The germination rate was from low temperatune germination rate of 87. 87% after stored 30 days dropped to 3. 18% and 2. 02% when the pollen of ＇Putaozhi＇ was stored for 50 d and for 70 d, respectively; besides, pollen storage capacity were observed on three varieties which were stored for 70 d with low temperature,and the results showed significant difference for different varieties. Pollen germination rate of ＇Hongluzhen＇ was still 38, 16%, but the pollen germination rate of ＇Putaozhi; and ＇Genv; were only 2＇ 02% and 2. 69%.