黑龙江省西瓜枯萎病菌生理小种鉴定及抗病鉴定方法筛选

Identification of Physiological Races and Screening of Disease-resistant Methods of Watermelon Fusarium Wilt Pathogen in Heilongjiang Province

从黑龙江省西瓜主产区采集枯萎病病样8份,从病原菌生理小种鉴定入手,研究了黑龙江省西瓜枯萎病菌生理小种的分化,并筛选出抗病性鉴定的方法,并对26份西瓜育种材料进行抗病性鉴定。结果表明:黑龙江省西瓜主产区采集的8个菌株侵染西瓜的枯萎病发病率都在70%以上,轻度侵染黄瓜和甜瓜,发病率在20%以下,8个菌株都为西瓜专化型镰刀菌。黑龙江省西瓜枯萎病的主要致病菌为生理小种1;西瓜抗枯萎病鉴定最佳方法为1×105孢子/mL的孢子悬浮液、浸根接种法、在子叶展平时进行接种;从26份西瓜材料中筛选出西瓜高抗枯萎病材料3份,即07W26、07W28、BW19,发病率<20%。

Collecting eight watermelon fusarium wilt pathogen disease samples from the watermelon main producing areas of Heilongiiang province, the pathogens physiological species were identified firstly, and fusarium wilt pathogen species differentiation were studied in Heilongjiang, identification methods of resistance wilt were screened,and resistance of 26 breeding materials were indentified. The results showed that the incidence of water melon fusarium wilt reached above 70; after using 8 strains collected from the watermelon main producing area in Heilongjiang province infected melon; cucumber and melon were mild infected, and the incidence was below 20 %,8 strains were all watermelon special fusarium bacteria watermelon wilt pathogen was physiological race 1 in Heilongiiang province. The best methods of disease-resistant identification in watermelon dusarium should be vaccination in unfolding stage of the cotyledon by dipping root inoculation with 1 × 10^5 spores/mL spore suspension. Three dusarium wilt highly resistant materials were selected.