一种绝缘子超疏水防覆冰涂层覆冰初期的电气试验研究

Electrical Tests of Super-hydrophobic Coating in Early Stage of Icing on Insulators

为有效地减少绝缘子覆冰事故的发生,笔者通过在低表面能疏水性材料表面化学沉积纳米粒子的方法自制一种绝缘子超疏水涂层,涂层表面具有类荷叶的微纳米二元复合粗糙结构,其上水滴静态接触角可以达到(160±0.5)°。将涂敷有此种超疏水涂层的等腰三角形玻璃板、涂敷RTV涂层的等腰三角形玻璃板与没有涂层的等腰三角形玻璃板一起放入人工覆冰实验室,覆冰1 h后对这3种试品进行电气试验,包括20kV测试电压下的泄漏电流试验以及紫外成像试验。试验结果表明,超疏水涂层在覆冰初期能够有效地减少覆冰量及阻止连续覆冰膜的形成的特性,使得涂覆超疏水涂层试品的表面泄漏电流远远低于在覆冰初期就形成连续覆冰膜的另外两种试品,从而在泄漏电流及紫外成像测试中表现出了优越的电气性能。

To effectively reduce icing morphology is made for insulators by accidents of insulators, a super-hydrophobic chemically depositing nano-particles layer coating with lotus on the surface of hydrophobic material. The coating surface is of lotus-like micro-nano binary roughness structure, which makes the contact angle of water reach to （160＋0.5）~. Two isoceles triangle glass plates with respective super-hydrophobic coating and RTV coating, as well as one blank isoceles triangle glass plate, are put into the artificial climate chamber for icing. After one hour icing period, the leakage current test and ultraviolet imaging test are conducted on the three samples under 20 kV voltage. The results indicate that the super-hydrophobic coating can apparently slow icing process, decrease ice quantity, and form a unique ice surface composed of small and separated ice particles in early icing stage to prevent formation of continuous ice layer, which makes the leakage current much smaller than that of other two samples on which continuous ice layers already form in early icing stage. Therefore, the sample with super-hydrophobic coating exhibits better performances in leakage current and ultraviolet imaging tests, compared with other two samples.