在讲故事背后——莫言《讲故事的人》读解

Behind Story-Telling ——An Interpretation to Mo Yan’s The Story-Teller

中国作家莫言在其被称为诺贝尔讲演的《讲故事的人》一文中,以自己独特的方式展示了自己的成长经历、文学创作及制度与个人的种种问题。文章由一系列故事组成,其第一部分的主题是母亲,里面的五个故事,揭示出莫言的作家人格,是在母亲给以的向上(向善)的血缘力量与现实影响中向下堕落的人性力量的持久较量之中成就的。第二部分则表现了莫言创作所代表的理想倾向,乃是有异于诺贝尔文学"正统"的来自生命本原和民间大地的理想,它延续了拉伯雷、左拉、马尔克斯等一系列优秀作家的传统,亦为中国作家的生存智慧和岗位意识所决定。第三部分的三个故事分别代表了人如何求真、求善、求美,体现了莫言对于个人与集体、个人的价值和宗教的思考,是一种自我"故事"与道德担当的结合。

Every professional writer as a Nobel Prize winner will face a challenge of being a ＂Nobel ethics bearer＂. Mo Yan, a Chinese writer responded to such a challenge with his unique way in his Nobel speech, The Story Teller. In its first part, the theme is ＂mother＂, of which the five stories revealed Mo Yan＇s personality as a writer. This personality had been formed in the conflict between a blood-ties for subliming to goodness given by his mother and the declining force in human nature influenced by the reality. The second part expressed a dimension of ideal represented by Mo Yan＇s writings. It is different from ＂authetic＂ tradition of Nobel literature, and is decided by the Chinese writers＇ wisdom for existence and their consciousness of position. The last three stories represents individually how human beings look for truth, goodness and beauty, and embodies Mo Yan＇s thought of individual and collective, value of the individuals, and religion, which is a combination between a self ＂story＂ and ethic responsibility.