城市轨道交通接运公交最优线路模型(英文)

Optimal Route Planning Model of Feeder Bus for Urban Rail Transit

城市轨道交通是缓解交通拥堵的有效手段。但是,在轨道线网规模化发展之前,对城市客流的吸引不够。为更好地解决城市交通问题,需要通过常规公交接运来辅助实现轨道线路的客流聚集效应。首先考虑了土地性质、出行需求和公交运营成本等因素,建立了公交运营效益最大的接驳范围单变量非线性单变量规划模型。经过参数标定与约束的简化后采用二分法求解。在模型的约束中使用站点聚集效应距离衰减函数建立了需求与接驳距离的关系式,并通过单约束重力模型获得的距离与需求样本对其进行了参数标定。然后,以接驳范围为约束指导新增线路布设和原有线路调整。前者以站点覆盖率、非直线系数、运营费用等为指标,整体客运系统运输效率最大为目标,使用启发式解法布设了新增公交接驳线路;后者根据定性定量相结合的原则,依流程调整了原有线路走向。本研究需要采集的数据并不复杂,可用于指导轨道站点公交接驳相关工程实践。

It is well known that urban rail transit could relieve traffic congestion in metropolis. However, rail transit could not show enough attraction to traffic flow of the city before it has been constructed into large-scale area. In order to solve traffic congestion issue, it is necessary to use conventional public transit as feeders to be auxiliary to achieve aggregation effect of rail line passengers. First, the single-variable non-linear programming model which aimed at determine what feeder scope can maximum feeder bus＇s efficiency is established, considering the land-use condition, travel demand, transit operating costs and other factors. After calibrating parameters and simplifying constraints, the solution is obtained by the method of dichotomy. Then, the range attenuation function of station aggregation effect is used to create a relation between traffic demand and feeder distance, while the parameters are calibrated by the traffic demand and distance samples obtained from the single constraint gravity model. Second, under the range constraints of feeder bus, new routes are arranged, and existing routes is also adjusted. For the former, the model chose bus station coverage rate, non-linear coefficients and operating costs as indicators, and maximizing the overall efficiency of the passenger transport system is used as the objective. The model is solved by heuristic algorithm. For the latter, existing routes are adjusted based on synthetic analysis of quantitative and qualitative. The data used in the study is not complicated, and the conclusion of this study can be used to give some recommendations to engineering practice in feeder bus for the urban rail transit.