基于结构方程模型的公共交通系统公平性评估——以昆明市为例

Evaluation of Public Transport System Equity Based on Structure Equation Model:Taking Kunming as an Example

改善交通公平能够有效减少公共交通系统中的社会排斥现象,并为公交优先政策提供基础保障。在分析公共交通系统公平性内涵的基础上,揭示了服务因素、环境因素以及运输质量对公共交通系统公平性的影响机理。建立公共交通系统公平性结构方程模型,并以昆明公共交通为实例进行问卷调查采集数据,利用LISREL软件,编程计算结构方程模型的主要参数,并进行模型评价,提出了相应的对策措施。结果表明:服务因素对运输质量影响较大,对环境因素产生间接影响;环境因素主要影响公共交通公平性;运输质量对环境因素产生影响,并通过环境因素对公共交通系统公平性产生间接影响。

Improving transportation equity can effectively decrease the social exclusion of public transport system, and can provide the practical basis of priority to the development of public transport. Based on summarizing and defining the equity of the public transport system, the impact mechanism of public transport system equity is revealed by service factor, environmental factor and transport quality. The structural equation model of the public transport system equity is established. Taking the public transport of Kunming as a study example, the questionnaire is designed for data collection. Using LISREL software, the main parameters of the structural equation model is calculated, the validity of the structural equation model is tested, and some measures are provided. The result indicates that （ 1 ） transport quality is greatly influenced and environmental factor is indirectly influenced by service factor; （2） public transport system equity is mainly influenced by environmental factor; （3） environmental factor is influenced by transport quality and public transport system equity is influenced indirectly by transport quality through environmental factor.