什么是善——奥古斯丁论模仿统一的秩序是善

What Goodness is:Order as Imitation of Unity in Augustine

一般认为，创造世界的上帝是绝对的善，他不可能在世界上创造出恶，那么，世界上存在着恶应该怎么解释呢？奥古斯丁的答案是，恶就是善的匮乏，就是非存在。善是模仿统一的秩序。作者以此为起点，梳理了奥古斯丁的一些思想，包括上帝、绝对真理（Veritas，Truth）、真理（verum，truth）、善、恶、理性、感官、本性、秩序和无序，以及它们之间的关系。通过梳理，作者也澄清了一些学者对奥古斯丁善恶形而上学的误解。

It is commonly known that God created the world,but no possible for him to creat evil in the world because he himself is the Good itself.But how do we explain the existence of the evil in the world? Augustine answers that evil is a privation of good,and there are several equivalences to Good,they are Unity,One,Existence,Veritas(Truth) and God.From this point,the author teases apart Augustine’s ideas of God,Unity,One,existence,Veritas(Truth),verum(truths),and the relationships among them.The author therefore clarifies some misunderstandings on these ideas.