向谁而说的“高贵的谎言”?

To Whom The Noble Lie Lies

在现代政治哲学视野下，柏拉图在《理想国》中讲述的“高贵的谎言”，成为读者理解和接受柏拉图的最大阻碍之一。本文考察了几种流行的解读及其不足之处，并试图探讨另一种解读的可能性，即“高贵的谎言”并非针对被统治者而说的谎言，而是首先针对统治者（护卫者）而说的谎言。这种解读或可为理解柏拉图的政治哲学提出一种新的思路，即政治权力是一种需要付出巨大代价（自由）才能获得的东西。

In the modern perspective of political philosophy,the noble lie in Plato’s Republic is read as an ideological propaganda aimed for the consumption of the ruled.This reading has become a main obstacle for interpretation and reception of Plato.Based on a brief study of a few popular interpretations of the noble lie,this article tries to make an alternative,i.e.the noble lie does not tend to persuade the ruled,but first and above all the rulers-guardians.This interpretation might provide a new approach to the understanding of Plato’s political philosophy,with a special view that the price for political power should be freedom.