我国高校体育本科专业设置与控制研究

Undergraduate course development and control of Chinese physical education speciality

通过对我国高校体育本科专业设置、招生规模、就业现状相关数据分析发现:1)近10年我国体育本科专业点设置总增长率为175%,其中,社会体育专业设置点增速过快为613%;2)体育本科专业近10年招生总增长率为122.9%,其中,社会体育专业增速过快为455.0%,运动人体科学、民族传统体育专业招生增速较小,仅为40.1%、52.3%;3)全国体育本科专业初次就业率低于全国平均水平。其中,体育教育专业就业形势最好,对口率较高;运动训练、运动人体科学专业就业率较低;社会体育专业就业对口率最低;整体就业形式存在地域、专业、校别差异。据此,提出专业设置控制思路为:1)社会体育、运动训练专业应提高办学门槛,严控专业点设置,压缩招生规模;2)民族传统体育专业可依托传统院校的专业办学优势,尝试与武警、公安院校联合办学,并加快该专业办学国际化步伐;3)运动人体科学专业应依托部分重点体育院校,以培养硕士、博士精英专业人才为主渠道。

Through analyzing the related data of physical education specialty setting, enrollment scale, and employment in colleges and universities of China, it is found that ： 1 ） The crude rate of in- crease in physical education specialty setting has been 175% for the recent decade, among which the social physical education specialty setting has the most rapid increase, added up to 613% ; 2） The crude rate of increase in enrolling is 122.9% , among which the social physical education spe- cialty increased to 455.0% , human science and traditional ethnic sports only 40.1% and 52.3% respectively. 3 ） The initial employment rate of the physical education specialty has been lower than that of the average in China; physical education teaching has the most optimistic employment situa- tion;employment rate of sports training, human science lower, and social physical education lowest. The overall employment situation has a difference in region, major and university. Thereby, ways of controlling the specialty setting have been put forward ： 1 ） Specialties of social sports and sportstraining need to raise their thresholds of enrollment, control the specialty settings strictly and narrow the enrollment scale. 2） Traditional physical education specialty can rely on traditional colleges and universities＇ advantages to corporate with the colleges of armed police and public security and quicken their internationalization. 3 ） Specialty of physical movement science should depend on some key physical education institutes to form a channel of bringing up postgraduates, PhD and elites.