立方体人工鱼礁背涡流的三维涡结构

The 3D vortex structure of cube artificial reef's wake vortex

以立方体人工鱼礁为例,应用CFD软件对其在定常流作用下的三维流场进行了数值模拟试验,以揭示立方体人工鱼礁背涡流的三维涡结构。结果表明:流过礁体侧面的水体在礁体后形成两个对称的旋转方向相反的展向涡,流经礁体上表面的水体脱落后形成一个尺寸与礁体尺寸相当的流向涡,展向涡宽度决定背涡流流场宽度,流向涡高度决定背涡流流场高度;展向涡和流向涡长度近似相等,二者的长度共同决定背涡流流场的长度;展向涡、流向涡共同构成了人工鱼礁背涡流的三维涡结构。

The paper takes cube artificial reef as an example to make numerical simulation of 3D flow field under the action of steady flow with CFD software. The simulation reveals the 3D vortex structure of cube artificial reef. The result shows that two symmetrical crosswise vortexes are formed and have opposite directions behind the reef af- ter water flows from the sides of reef, that a streamwise vortex is formed after water flows and fails from the top sur- face of reef, that the size of streamwise vortex is similar to the reef, that crosswise vortex determines the width of wake vortex, that streamwise vortex determines the height of wake vortex, that crosswise vortex and streamwise vor- tex have similar length and determine the length of wake vortex together, and that crosswise vortex and streamwise vortex constitute the 3D vortex structure of cube artificial reef＇s wake vortex.