中国北方地区女性防晒知识和行为的调查

A questionnaire-based study on sun-exposure knowledge and protection behavior in women from North China

目的了解中国北方地区女性对日晒的认知程度及防晒意识和行为。方法采取问卷调查的方式对北京和宁夏两个地区的217名女性进行现况调查,其中北京女性144人(66.4%),宁夏女性73人(33.6%)。问卷内容包括:对紫外线的认识程度,日晒及防晒习惯,对防晒霜的认知和使用情况。结果有近一半受试者的皮肤很容易被晒黑(50.7%),大部分人有晒伤史(89.9%)。有超过一半(52.1%)人能正确全面认识紫外线对皮肤造成的损伤,北京地区(60.4%)要好于宁夏地区(35.6%)。经常采用的防晒手段依次是尽量走在阴影下(63.6%)、防晒霜(62.2%)、避免正午外出(60.8%)和遮阳伞(53.0%)等,两地女性的防晒行为差异有统计学意义。有53.9%的人经常使用防晒霜,44.2%的人能正确使用防晒霜,北京地区明显高于宁夏地区。只有少部分人能正确明白SPF含义(27.6%)和PA含义(6.3%)。结论中国北方地区女性对紫外线的认识还不全面,防护行为存在不足,对防晒霜的认知和使用均有待提高。

Objective To assess awareness and behavior towards sun exposure and the ultraviolet （UV） -induced skin dama ges among a sample of Chinese women from Beijing and Ningxia. Methods A self - administered multiple - choice questionnaire was administered. A total of 217 female volunteers were enrolled, including 144 women （66.4%） from Beijing and 73 women （ 33.6% ） from Ningxia. The questionnaire aimed at evaluating people＇s knowledge, awareness and protection behavior regarding sun exposure, and their knowledge about sunscreens and sunscreen use. Results Nearly half of the participants were easy to get a tan （50.7%）. Most of the people had a history of sunburn （89.9%）. More than half of the participants （52.1%） knew the harmful damages of UV. Women in Beijing （60.4%） were better than women in Ningxia（35.6% ）. The protection measures were taken as follow： 63.6% of women used the shadow a sun - protection measure, followed by using sunscreen （62.2%）, avoided going out at noon （60.8%） ,used sun um- brella （53.0%）, and so on. 53.9% often used sunscreen, 44.2% used sunscreen correctly. Only 27.6% and 6.3% of people could correctly understand the meaning of SPF and PA, respectively. Conclusion The understandings of UV radiation and sun protection are not very comprehensive in women from the northern region of China. There are obviously differences between women in Beijing and Ningxia in the understanding of UV radiation and behavior of sun protection.