宽谷丘陵区农牧开发模式监测评价体系研究

Monitoring and Evaluating Farming and Grazing Mode in Hilly-gully Loess Area

宽谷丘陵区是以黄土高原丘陵沟壑区第Ⅴ副区为主体,涉及第Ⅱ、第Ⅲ、第Ⅳ副区的部分区域。该区域沟壑纵横,常年降水稀少,气候干旱,水土流失严重,人民生活水平低。水土流失、干旱、低产、贫困是该区突出的生态、社会和经济问题。选择黄土丘陵沟壑区第Ⅲ副区的中山沟流域东山村作为示范点,在治理水土流失的同时,配套集雨节灌措施,培育和发展葡萄等特色产业,大力推广节水农业,通过减少化肥、农药施用量,以减缓面源污染。并在综合确定监测指标的同时,通过定点监测、调查访问等监测方法,采用层次分析法建立了示范效益监测与评价指标体系,从而科学合理地评价示范效应及生态经济系统。

The hilly-gully loess area is composed mainly of the fifth sub-region,involving parts of the second,third,and fourth sub-regions of the Loess Plateau.The major ecological environment problems in the region are short of rain,extremely dry,vast hilly gully area and intense soil and water erosion,which directly lead to the low quality of the local environment.Loss of soil and water,drought,low productivity and poverty are the prominent ecological,social and economic problems.We selected Dongshan village as a demonstration site,which is located in the Zhongshan river basin in the third sub-region of loess hilly-gully region.In addition to soil erosion control,rainwater harvesting and water saving irrigation techniques were deployed on the site as well.Meanwhile,many measures including cultivating and developing the featuring produces like grape,promoting water-saving agriculture,decreasing application amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides were carried out to reduce non-point source pollution.We established a comprehensive monitoring index,and at the same time,set up a special monitoring and evaluating index system for demonstration benefit using analytic hierarchy process method based on field observation and interactive interview.