安康地区历史时期水旱灾害与城市迁移重建研究

Relationship Between Historical Drought and Flood Disasters and City Migration and Reconstruction of Ankang City

通过对历史文献记载的安康地区水旱灾害系统的搜集、整理和分析,对灾害的时间和等级进行了研究,并将水旱灾害与安康城市迁移重建进行相关性分析,探讨了影响安康城市迁移重建的各种自然与人文因素。结果表明,安康地区自500BC-2000AD的2 500a中,共发生旱灾79次,平均31.65a发生一次;洪灾140次,平均每17.86a发生一次。500BC-1000AD间水旱灾害较少,此后增加,至1400AD后,水旱灾害发生频繁。特大洪灾是影响安康城市迁移重建的主要因素;多次迁回旧城,则是受到水运、农业、文化等多种因素的影响。

Through the collection,reorganization and analysis to the historical data and materials,the time and grade of the drought and flood disasters has been compiled for Ankang City.In addition,we tried to correlate the natural disasters with the location,migration,and reconstruction of Ankang City in the history.The results showed that,from 500BC to 2000AD,drought disasters altogether occurred 79 times during these 2 500 years,averagely one time per 31.65 year,while flood disasters occurred 140 times,approximately one time per 17.86 year.During 500BC to 1000AD,the natural disasters were rarely recorded,and more were found since 1000AD.The highest frequency of the recorded natural disasters was found during the period from 1400AD to 2000AD.The extreme flood disaster was the reason for the migration of Ankang City from the old city to a new site for twice.However,the return of Ankang City back to its old site was a synthetically action effected by many factors,such as water transportation,farming and cultural psychology of the residents.