益阳方言“阿”的多功能用法探析——兼论由指称范畴引发的语义演变

On the multifunction of “a45” in the Yiyang dialect, Hu’nan Province.

提要“阿[a^45]”是益阳方言中使用频率极高的多功能语素。“阿”可以与指示词或量词结合成指量名结构，表定指或类指；“阿”也可以直接依附在几乎所有的名词性成分之前，表示定指、类指等功能。在“阿＋NP”结构的基础上，“阿”进一步扩展出话题标记、领属标记、判断标记等多种功能。最后，文章认为“阿”来源于通用量词“只”。

As a multifunctional nominal determiner conveying definiteness, genericity or non-referentiality, a45 (阿) in the Yiyang dialect, Hu’nan Province, has a high frequency of occurrence both in the combination with demonstratives or classifiers, i.e. in the construction of 'Demonstrative- a45-NP' or 'a45 –tsa45 (只, Cl.) -NP' respectively, and in the direct union with NP, namely 'a45 NP'. In the combination of 'a45 NP' a45 functions as a quasi-definite article, from which it develops multiple functions of a topic marker, a genitive marker, and a copular, etc. With the evidence of grammaticalization and phonetic features, it is assumed that a45 probably evolves from the general classifier 'tsa45'.