厦门湾滨海湿地资源时空动态分析

Analysis on the spatial-temporal changes of coastal wetland resources in Xiamen Bay

以2001年landsat ETM、2005年和2010年SPOT5影像作为基础信息源,在遥感和GIS技术支持下,建立了厦门湾滨海湿地资源空间数据库。运用土地利用动态度和转移矩阵模型,对近10年来滨海湿地资源的数量与时空动态变化特征进行了定量分析。研究结果表明:厦门湾滨海湿地总面积呈显著下降趋势,10年间滨海湿地总面积减少了10.5%,以浅海水域、滩涂和养殖区面积减少幅度最显著。湿地资源的动态变化具有区域性,以同安湾湿地类型变化幅度最大,西海域次之。湿地内部类型之间、以及湿地与非湿地之间的动态转化频繁。厦门湾湿地变化的驱动因素主要为人为活动。

Based on Landsat ETM images （in 2001）and SPOT5 images （in 2005 and 2010）as the basic information resources, with the support of RS and GIS techniques, this study built up the spatial information database of coastal wetland in Xiamen bay. And then the spatial-temporal dynamic changes of wetland resources in this area during the past I0 years （from 2001 to 2010）were quantitatively analyzed, by using the models of land use dynamic degree and transition matrix of land use types. The results showed that the total area of coastal wetland obviously decreased, and 10.6 % of the total wetland area was lost during the study period in Xiamen Bay, and among these wetland types, the area of the shallow sea, silt beach and breeding area decreased most significantly. The extent of wetland change differed in the five regions of Xiamen Bay, among which, Tong＇an Bay was the largest declining area, followed by western sea of Xiamen. There was frequent conversion between different types of coastal wetland, and between wetlands and non-wetland type. Human activities were the main driving factors leading to the dynamic changes of coastal wetland.