安徽省居民健康素养干预效果评估

Effect evaluation on health literacy intervention among residents in Anhui Province

目的对安徽省居民健康素养干预进行效果评估,为制定健康素养干预方法及政策提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,抽取安徽省6个市(县)15～69岁常住人口,进行以《健康66条》为核心的健康教育干预,分别在干预前后进行健康素养评估。结果安徽省居民具备健康素养的比例从8.79%提高到17.74%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);具备基本知识和理念、基本技能方面素养的比例分别从20.72%、15.31%提高到33.92%、31.59%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);具备传染病预防、慢性病预防、安全与急救、基本医疗素养的比例干预后均有较大幅度的提高,差异有统计学意义(χ2分别为25.05、22.56、1012.05和72.32,P<0.01)。结论集中式、广覆盖、多形式综合性的干预措施,对居民健康素养知识和技能的掌握有一定的效果,但健康素养整体水平的提高,还有待于制定针对性的策略和措施。

Objective The effect evaluation for the health litercy intervention of residents in Anhui Province is to provide a basis for formulating methods and policies of health literacy intervention. Methods Randomized cluster sampling method was used to invest among the resident population aged from 15 to 59, of 6 cities or counties, that is 3012 people be- fore and 3004 after intervention respectively. Interventions with 66 ＂healthy＂ in the project cities and counties to carry out centralized, wide coverage, in various forms of health communication activities. Results The proportion of the residents of health literacy in Anhui Province increased from 8.79% to 17.74%, the difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05） ; the ratio of people with basic knowledge and ideas and people with basic skills about health increased from 20. 72%, 15. 31% to 33. 92%, 31.59%, respectively, there was significant difference （P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the proportion of people with knowledge of epidemic prevention, chronic prevention, safty and emergent treatment, and basic medical care have dramatically increased after intervention, the difference was statistically significant as well （~2 = 25.05, 22. 56, 1012. 05 and 72. 32, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Through all-round policies such as the centralization, widely cover and multi-form intervention, the residents have mastered some healthy knowledge and skills to some purpose. However, the en- hancement of whole level of health literacy is to be based on formulating pointed strategies and policies