环境污染健康损害赔偿指标体系需求及指标设置分析

Preliminary study on compensation index system of environmental pollution health damage

目的了解重金属污染地区居民对建立环境污染健康损害赔偿指标体系相关问题的看法,为制定合理的环境污染健康损害赔偿指标体系提供参考依据。方法在云南、江西等环境污染地区以问卷形式开展调查,调查对象共计251名,其中环保机构人员16名、卫生机构人员74名、潜在排污企业人员7名、普通居民133名。结果 91.6%的调查对象认为需要建立环境污染健康损害赔偿指标体系。94.6%的调查对象认为医疗费是合理的赔偿指标。85.7%的调查对象认为应将精神赔偿列入环境污染健康损害赔偿指标体系中。同时,79.7%的调查对象认为精神损害赔偿存在困难,其中88.0%认为法律法规支持力度小是目前存在的主要困难。结论环境健康损害赔偿指标体系的研究具有一定的实际意义。在指标选择过程中应以实际发生作为参考依据,同时精神损害赔偿作为难点问题,应进行重点研究。

Objective Gather basic information of views about establishing compensation index system of related questions of environmental pollution health damage, in order to provide reference basis for its reasonable establishing. Methods Make questionnaire survey in some areas of environmental pollution such as Yunnan, Jiangxi. A total of 251 respondents included 16 people working on environmental pollution, 74 people working on health, 7 people in potential polluting enterprises and 133 residences. Results Respondents （91.6%） thought compensation index system of environ-mental health damage should be established. Respondents （94. 6% ） viewed treatment cost as the reasonable compensation standard. Respondents （85.7%） suggested that spirit compensation should be put in the compensation system. Mean- while, respondents （79. 7% ） supported there were difficulties about spirit compensation, including that respondents （88. 0% ） agreed deficiency in related laws and regulations was the weakness of compensation work of environmental pollu- tion health damage. Conclusion There is real significance to research compensation index system of environmental pollu- tion health damage. During selecting index, the fact happened should be treated as the compensation reference. Mean-while, as the difficult point, much importance ought to be paid to make research on spirit compensation.