一起家庭聚集性新布尼亚病毒感染病例的报道

Report of a household clustering of novel bunyavirus infection

目的分析和探讨聚集性新布尼亚病毒感染病例的传播途径和传播媒介。方法通过对一起家庭聚集性新布尼亚病毒感染病例的流行病学调查,探索该新发传染病的流行病学特征。结果家庭成员4人中,2例有发热、腹泻、腹痛和恶心症状,其中首发病例发病前有蜱叮咬史,另一例病例血WBC和PLT呈进行性下降,实时荧光定量反转录-聚合酶链反应检测报告2例病例均为阳性;急性期血清检测IgM报告阳性。外环境用布旗法采集蜱类标本中检测出新型布尼亚病毒核酸阳性。鼠笼法进行捕鼠后,采集肺、肝、脾等器官进行PCR检测未发现核酸阳性。结论此次家庭聚集性发病并未见明显的血液传播,2例病例间属于共同暴露还是家庭内传播,人际传播的途径还有待于进一步探讨和研究。蜱外是否存在其他传播媒介,该病的储存宿主、传播途径和传播媒介尚需进一步验证。

Objective To explore the transmission route and vector of a household clustering of novel bunyavirus infection. Methods Epidemiological survey was conducted. Results Among the 4 family members, 2 had fever, diarrhea, abdominal pain and nausea. The first case had been bitten by ticks before the onset, and another case had WBC and PLT progressive reduction. The real-time fluorescent RT-PCR test and acute phase IgM serum test results of the 2 cases were positive. The RNA of new bunyavirus was detected in ticks collected with white cloth from external environment, but not by PCR test in lung, liver and spleen of live rats captured by cage-trap method. Conclusion No blood borne transmission of the disease was found in the family. Further research is needed to explore the transmission route and vector of the disease.