批判与反思:法兰克福学派批判理论的历史逻辑及启示

Criticism and Reflection: Historical Logic of Frankfort School's Critical Theory and Its Implications

法兰克福学派是西方马克思主义思潮中影响最大、最深远的派别之一,并以社会批判理论为主要特色。理论家们用深刻、犀利的笔触对资本主义社会的诸种弊端进行揭露、反思和批判。他们以启蒙精神为靶子,将工业文明,甚至整个人类文明史的批判融合到了法兰克福学派的历史发展中,形成了社会批判理论独特的逻辑路径,显示了反思性的实践品格。社会进步和生活质量的提高,要求人们具有强烈的批判精神和反思意识,法兰克福学派的批判虽是带有乌托邦色彩的悲观主义文化因素,但对我们审视当前的社会现实具有重要的启示和意义。

Frankfort School is one of the most influential and far-reaching schools of Western Marxism,which took socio-critical theory as its main characteristics.Theorists exposed,reflected and criticized the various defects of capitalist society with deep and sharp criticism.While their criticism started with the Enlightenment spirit,in fact their target was on the industrial civilization,even the history of human civilization.Their criticism is integrated with the historical development of Frankfort School,and has formed a unique path of socio-critical theory,showing the reflective practice character.Today,the social progress and rise of living standards require people to cultivate strong critical spirit and reflective consciousness.Criticism of the Frankfort School is cultural criticism with Utopian pessimism,but it has important significance for us to examine the current social reality.