“作者意图”追问与叙事作品的意义解释——从解释学视角谈金圣叹叙事作品评点

Inquiring Author's Intentions and the Meanings of Narrative Works——Analysis of Jin Shengtan's Comments on Narrative Works by Hermeneutics

金圣叹对《水浒传》《西厢记》等叙事作品的评点,蕴含了深刻的解释学思想。作品的意义存在于作者的创作意图中还是存在于读者的理解中,读者能否把握作者的创作意图,这都是金圣叹在评点中思考过的问题。在金圣叹那里,人都有"至诚之性",读者应当能够把握作者的创作意图;但由于作者创作情境和读者理解境域的复杂性,重建作者创作意图在实际上又是不可能的,也是无从判断的。面对这一困惑,金圣叹提出,读者要"眼照古人",以自己的理解去迎合作者的意图,"与古人捉笔一刹那顷精神,融成水乳"。

Jin Shengtan has deep hermeneutic thoughts in his comments on narrative works of All Men are Brothers and Romance of Western Chamber and so on.Whether meanings of the works＇ come from author＇s intentions or reader＇s understandings,and whether readers can grasp the author＇s thoughts or not,are issues explored in depth by Jin Shengtan.In his opinion,readers can understand author＇s intentions by the sincerity both in author and reader＇s mind,but he still feels puzzled when he judges whether the meanings are author＇s intentions or not.So Jin Shengtan holds that readers should uplift his spirit to cater to author＇s intention.