微创经皮肾镜取石术后便秘的原因分析及护理对策

Causes Analysis and Nursing Countermeasures of Postoperative Constipation by Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy (PCNL)

目的探讨微创经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)后便秘的相关因素及护理干预措施。方法将80例因尿石症需接受PC-NL手术治疗,术后便秘的患者分为实验组和对照组;分析造成便秘发生的危险因素;对照组按常规护理,实验组在常规护理的基础上,给予个体便秘原因的干预。结果危险因素有患者年龄、焦虑、饮食习惯、术后排便方式、术后疼痛。实验组经干预后,术后便秘的发生率低于对照组,经χ2检验比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对危险因素的个体化护理干预,能有效地预防和护理PCNL术后便秘,降低术后便秘的发生率。

Objective To explore the related factors and nursing interventions of postoperative constipation by minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotripsy （PCNL）. Methods 80 cases of urinary calculus accept minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotripsy （PCNL） patients with postoperative constipation were divided into experimental group and control group. The risk factors contributing to constipation were analyzed. The control group received usual care, while the experimental group received individualized care on the basis of the usual care. Results The risk factors included patients＇ age, anxiety, eating habits, bowel habits, postoperative pain. After intervention, the incidence of postoperative constipation of the experimental group was lower than that of control group, and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions Individualized nursing intervention directed at risk factors can effectively prevent and nurse postoperative constipation. Nurising intervention can also reduce the incidence of postoperative constipation.