基于传热反问题的微型燃料电池冷却通道优化

Inverse Heat Transfer Problems Based Optimization of Micro Fuel Cell Cooling Channel

为了改善微型质子交换膜燃料电池冷却系统的综合性能,研究了燃料电池冷却通道几何形状的优化设计问题。针对传统冷却通道内流动阻力太大的现状,在综合考虑系统冷却能力和系统阻力的前提下,利用SIMPLER算法和共轭梯度法,求解冷却通道传热及流动过程的几何边界条件反问题,优化设计冷却通道的最优几何形状。讨论了冷却通道几何形状的初始猜测值,以及系统冷却能力和系统阻力权重之比等因素对冷却通道形状优化的影响。数值仿真结果表明,当流道入口流体流速及流道入口高度给定时,利用上述的传热学反问题的优化方法能够有效优化冷却通道的几何形状,明显改善了冷却系统的综合性能。优化结果可为微型燃料电池冷却通道的优化设计和工程制造提供理论依据。

It is necessary to carry out an investigation on the optimization problems of micro fuel cell cooling channel for improving the performance of micro proton exchange membrane fuel cell cooling system. In order to reduce flow resistance of cooling channel, considering the system cooling capacity and system resistance, the geometric boundary conditions inverse problem for estimating heat transfer and flow processes of two dimensional mini cooling channel was solved by using SIMPLER and conjugate gradient method, and the optimal geometry shape of cooling channel was obtained by numerical experiment. Furthermore, the effects of the initial guesses of cooling channel ge- ometry shape and the weight ratio of system cooling capacity and system resistance to the optimized results were dis- cussed. The numerical expe1~ment results show that when the inlet velocity of fluid and the entrance height of cooling channel are given, the optimization method to solve inverse heat transfer problem can effectively optimize the shape of cooling channel and improve the performance of cooling system evidently. The optimization results can provide a good theoretical foundation for the optimal design and manufacturing of micro fuel cell cooling channel.