自模板法制备介孔空心无机微/纳米结构

Synthesis of Mesoporous Hollow Inorganic Micro-/Nano-structures via Self-templating Methods

与传统的软、硬模板法相比,近期发展的自模板法具有反应步骤少和无需额外模板等众多优点,同时,介孔空心无机微/纳米结构在催化、能源和医药等领域的巨大应用前景也使其制备方法备受关注.本文根据不同的反应机理,从Ostwald熟化、表面保护刻蚀、柯肯达尔效应和电偶置换反应4个方面分别综述了自模板法的最新研究进展和应用现状,并展望了自模板法的研究与应用前景.

Mesoporous hollow inorganic micro-/nano-structures are very promising in various fields such as catalysis, energy and medicine because of their multiple and tunable functions, and their synthetic methodolo- gies have attracted much attention. Compared with conventional hard-template or soft-template methods, the self-templating methods developed recently have many advantages, such as simpler procedures and without using extra costly templates. In this manuscript, the recent developments on the synthesis of mesoporous hollow inorganic mirco-/nano-strctures prepared by the self-templating methods were discussed in details according to the four kinds of different reaction mechanisms, including Ostwald ripening, surface-protected etching, Kirkendall effect and galvanic replacement, respectively. Finally, we concluded with a brief outlook for future research directions.