小麦籽粒灌浆速率及粒重QTL初步研究

The Preliminary Study on QTL of Grain Filling Rate and Grain Weight in Wheat

为了对小麦不同发育时期灌浆速率及千粒重进行动态QTL初步定位,并进行遗传分析,通过01-35×6044杂交得F1代,后经连续多年"一粒传法"获得F9代重组自交系,利用Mapmaker/version3.0计算标记间距离并绘制遗传图谱,结合田间表型数据采用WinQTLCart2.5软件的方法研究小麦不同发育时期灌浆速率及千粒重QTL定位情况及其效应。结果共检测到13个小麦灌浆速率及千粒重QTL,这些QTL大部分是位于2A染色体上,部分位于6A、5A、4A染色体上。其中千粒重QTL2个,可解释表型变异的9%和33%;平均灌浆速率QTL3个,可解释表型变异的6%～18%;最高灌浆速率QTL1个,可解释表型变异的11%;最高灌浆速率出现的时间QTL1个,解释7%的表型变异;第一、四时期各1个,分别解释表型变异的12%和16%;三、五时期各2个,分别解释表型变异的8%～9%和9%～10%。通过对不同时期小麦灌浆速率和粒重QTL定位,探索了控制灌浆速率的基因表达的时空特性,为灌浆速率及千粒重的QTL精细定位和分子标记辅助选择奠定基础。

For dynamic QTLs being located preliminarily and genetic analysis of wheat grain filing rate and thousand grain weight in different growth periods, RIL population （F9） was used for material gained from 6044 ×01-35 crossing. Mapmaker/version 3.0 was used to draw gene map and to calculate genetic distance among markers. Analysis of QTL effect was done by Win QTL Cart 2.5 combined with field phenotype data. The results showed that, thirteen QTLs were found in four different chromosomes. Most of QTLs were located in chromosome-2A, others were in 6A, 5A, 4A. Two grain weight QTLs were found with 9% to 33% explanation for variation. Three mean grain filling rate QTLs were found with 6% to 18% explanation for variation. One max grain filling rate QTL was found which account for 11% of variation. One period for max grain filling rate QTL was located in chromosome-6A explaining 7% phonotype variation, One first period and a fourth period grain filling rate QTL was found with 12% and 16% explanation. Two third and two fifth period grain filling rateQTLs were found with 8%-9% and 9%-10% explanation for variation dynamic QTLs locations of different periods for grain filling rate and grain weight showed the gene expression characteristics of time and space. That would lay the foundation for subtle location of grain filling rate and grain weight in wheat and for molecular marker assisted selection.