松辽平原玉米带高产土壤有机无机复合体组成及有机碳分布的研究

Or ganic Mineral Complex Component and Distribution Character of Organic Carbon for High Yield Soil of the Corn Belt of the Songliao Plain

为了探讨不同施肥和耕作方式对土壤有机无机复合体组成及有机碳分布的影响,采用超声波分散、颗粒大小分组法对松辽平原玉米高产土壤进行研究。结果表明,土壤中有机无机复合体以细砂复合体为主,约占40%～70%,粘粒、粉粒复合体次之;与对照相比,高产土壤粘粒复合体含量较小,平均差值为5.05%和7.60%;结合无机颗粒对比,粉粒、细砂复合体有所增多,增幅为0.1%～3.7%,粉粒增幅大于细砂,粘粒复合体减少,约为0.1%～5%,高产土壤减小量大于对照。有机碳主要存在于小粒级复合体中,随着复合体粒径的增大,有机碳各组分的相对含量减少(A1>A2>A3);与对照相比,高产土壤中各级复合体有机碳含量均高于对照(1号>6号,10号>14号),而有机碳贮量在高产土壤粘粒复合体中低于对照(1号<6号,10号<14号),在粉粒复合体中明显高于对照(1号>6号,10号>14号)。

The paper studied the organic mineral complex component and distribution character of organic carbon of black soil under various cultivation pattern by means of ultrasonic dispersion and particle assortment method, in order to discuss the different fertilizer and farming methods of soil organic inorganic compound composition and distribution of organic carbon impact. The high yield soil of Songliao Plain was used as the object of study. The results showed that, organic mineral complex in black soil the finesand size complex was protagonist, about 40%-70% of the total quality. The clay size complex and the silty size complex were marginalia. The result after comparing with the control group soil showed that, the storage of clay size complex is lower than control group soil, the mean difference was 5.05% and 7.60%. The comparing with particle size distribution showed that the silty size complex decreased about 0.1%-3.7%, the finesand size complex and the clay size complex creased about 0.l%-5%. The organic carbon primarily consisted in the small granule diameter of organic mineral complex. There was a accumulation tendency for organic carbon to the small granule diameter of organic mineral complex （AI〉A2〉A3）. The result after comparing with the control group soilshowed that, the content of organic carbon in organic mineral complexes was higher than control group soil （No.l〉No.6, No.10〉No.14）, and the reserves of organic carbon of clay size complex was lower than control group soil （No. 1 〈No.6, No. 10〈No. 14）, and of silty size complex was higher （No. 1〉No.6, No. 10〉No. 14）.