合肥市流动人口艾滋病知识、态度及其影响因素分析

The awareness status about HIV/AIDS and its influencing factors in the floating population in Hefei city

目的了解合肥市流动人口艾滋病相关知识、态度的现况及其影响因素。方法采取方便抽样的方法,在安徽省合肥市的建筑工地、餐饮酒店、大型集贸市场和大型企业对其流动人口进行现场问卷调查,并对资料进行统计分析。结果共调查819名流动人口,其中有效问卷758份,有效应答率为92.55%。艾滋病防治知识总知晓率为52.90%(401/758),其中餐饮人员为44.03%(59/134),农贸市场人员为45.41%(89/196),企业工人为63.64%(133/209),建筑工人为54.79%(120/219),4种职业者艾滋病知识知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.63,P<0.001)。需要进一步了解艾滋病相关知识的比率,餐饮人员最高(85.07%);会使用安全套预防艾滋病的比率,建筑工人最高(64.84%);不会与艾滋病患者继续交往和不允许艾滋病患者继续工作的比率,餐饮人员最高(分别为82.09%和83.58%),以上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。流动人口是否愿意与艾滋病患者/感染者继续交往的影响因素为职业、艾滋病知识知晓程度;是否愿意艾滋病患者/感染者继续工作的影响因素为职业、文化程度和艾滋病知识知晓程度。结论该市流动人口艾滋病防治知识知晓率较低,需加强对其艾滋病知识的宣教;大力推广安全套的使用,提倡安全性行为;充分利用现有卫生资源开展多种形式的教育和行为干预,消除对艾滋病的歧视。

Objective To investigate the awareness status about HIV/AIDS and its influencing factors in the floating population in Hefei. Methods Convenience sampling method was adopted to select floating population from construction sites, restaurants, markets, and enterprise. Subjects were surveyed with questionnaires, data were analyzed. Results A total of 819 persons were investigated, 758 （92. 55%） effective questionnaires were available. The total awareness rate of HIV/AIDS prevention was 52. 90% （401/758）, restaurant workers 44. 03%（59/134）, market staff 45.41% （89/196）, enterprise workers 63. 64% （133/209）, and construction workers 54. 79%（120/ 219）, the difference in the awareness rate of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge among population of above four careers was statistically significant （X2 = 18. 63, P〈0. 001）. The necessity to further understand HIV/AIDS-related knowledge was highest among restaurant workers （85.07%）; the awareness rate of correct use of condoms for preventing AIDS was highest among construction workers （64. 84%） ; the percentage of being unwilling to contact with AIDS patients or not allowing AIDS patients continue to work was highest among restaurant workers（82. 09%, 83.58%, respectively）, the differences of above had statistical significance（P〈0. 05）. Factors infuencing communication between floating people and AIDS patients were career and awareness rate of HIV/AIDS; influencing factors about whether floating people allowed AIDS patients continue to work were career, education degree, and awareness rate of HIV/AIDS. Conclusion The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS prevention among floating population is low and should be enhanced; the knowledge of safe and protected sexual behaviour need to be propagated; the dis crimination against AIDS patients should be eliminated.