2009—2011年某院医院感染现患率调查分析

Survey on prevalence rate of healthcare-associated infection in a hospital from 2009 to 2011

目的了解某院医院感染发病情况,为有效预防和控制医院感染提供依据。方法按照卫生部全国医院感染监测网制定的全国医院感染现患率调查方案,分别于2009年9月22日、2010年9月10日、2011年9月7日对该院所有住院患者进行医院感染现患率调查,比较3年的调查资料。结果 2009—2011年医院感染现患率分别为4.93%、2.57%、2.46%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.790,P=0.011);感染例次现患率分别为5.15%、2.77%、3.07%,差异亦有统计学意义(χ2=7.846,P=0.020),均以2009年最高。医院感染部位构成比以下呼吸道居首位,其中以2010年最高(70.37%),2009年和2011年分别为65.95%、40.00%。医院感染病原体,2009年以铜绿假单胞菌及真菌为主,各占24.00%;2010年以肺炎克雷伯菌(42.10%)和金黄色葡萄球菌(26.31%)为主;2011年以大肠埃希菌及变形杆菌属细菌为主,各占20.00%。2009—2011年抗菌药物使用率分别为54.22%、57.45%、39.10%;病原学送检率分别为53.89%、24.11%、34.68%。结论医院感染现患率调查有助于了解医院感染发病情况,对落实医院重点科室和重点部位的医院感染防控规程,减少医院感染的发生具有重要意义。

Objective To realize the condition of healthcare-associated infection（ HAI） in a hospital, so as to pro vide reference for preventing and controlling HAI effectively. Methods According to the nationwide HAI prevalence survey project established by ministry of health, HA/prevalence rates were investigated on September 22, 2009, September 10, 2010, and September 7, 2011, respectively, data of three years were compared. Results The prevalence rate of HAI was 4. 93% ,2. 57%, and 2. 46% respectively in three years （X2 = 8. 790,P = 0. 011）, HAI case rate was 5. 15%/00,2. 77%, and 3. 07% respectively （~ = 7. 846,P = 0. 020）, the highest was in 2009,there was sig- nificant difference among 3 years. Lower respiratory tract infection was the most common infection, which account- ing for 70. 37% in 2010, secondly 65.95% in 2009 and 40. 00% in 2011. The main pathogens in HAI in 2009 were Pseudomonas aeruginosa （24. 00%） and fungi（24. 00%）, in 2010 were Klebsiella pneumonia （42. 10%） and Staphy- lococcus aureus （26. 31%）, and in 2011 were Escherichia coli （20. 00%） and Proteus spp. （20. 00%） ~ the usage rate of antimicrobial agents was 54. 22%, 57. 45%, and 39. 10% respectively in three years~ specimen delivery rate was 53. 89 %, 24. 11%, and 34. 68 % respectively. Conclusion Survey on prevalence rate of HAI is beneficial to reali- zing the occurrence of HAI, and plays an important role in reducing the occurrence of HAI through monitoring on main departments and main sites of HAI