试论现代汉语教学语法的三大系统——词类系统、词组系统和句子系统

On The Three Major Systems of Modern Chinese Teaching Grammar

现代汉语教学语法有三大系统:词类系统、词组系统和句子系统。无论是词、还是词组或是句子都可以逐层分类,并自成系统。词可分为实词和虚词两个大类,共有十四个基本类,词组从结构上看可分复合词组和派生词组两个大类,共有十二个基本类,句子从结构上看可分为单句、复句和杂句三个大类。

Modern Chinese Teaching Grammar consists of three major systems： the lexical system, the phrasal system and the sentential system. Whether it be a word, a phrase or a sentence, they can all be subdivided into small linguistic units and at the same time they form a linguistic unit of their own. Words can be classified as real words and nominal words, which fall into fourteen smaller categories and phrases, as far as structure is concerned, are divided into compound phrases of real-and-real words and compound phrases of real-and-nominal words, which can be further divided into 12 smaller categories. Sentences are structurally classified as simple sentences, compound sentences and complicated sentences which involve a compound sentence in a simple sentence.