生物摩擦学与仿生摩擦学的研究现状及展望

RESEARCH STATUS AND PROSPECT OF BIOTRIBOLOGY AND BIONIC TRIBOLOGY

在物竞天择的进化过程中,生物体形成了许多优异的摩擦学特性,并已成为仿生摩擦学的创新源泉。本文对生物摩擦学的研究对象、研究内容进行了总结与展望;并从仿生减摩及脱附、仿生增摩及吸附、仿生耐磨材料和仿生润滑等4个方面回顾了仿生摩擦学的研究现状,指出了仿生摩擦学的发展方向;并探讨了生物摩擦学与仿生摩擦学的内在联系。

In the survival of the fittest during the evolution, a lot of excellent tribological properties of organisms have been formed, which become the source of innovation of bionic tribology. In this paper, the research object and research contents of biotribology were summarized and prospected. Moreover, the research status of bionic tribology was reviewed from the aspects of bionic antifriction and desorption, increasing friction and adsorption, bionic wear resistant materials as well as bionic lubrication, pointing out the development direction of bionic tribology. Finally, the internal relations of biotribology and bionic tribology were discussed.