发酵酶解豆粕对仔猪生长性能、日粮营养物质消化率和血液指标的影响

Effect of Fermented Soybean Meal on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility and Blood Indices in Piglets

选取36头平均体质量为(9.62±0.72)kg的二元杂交仔猪,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复4头猪,对照组仔猪饲喂28.54%的未发酵豆粕,试验Ⅰ组仔猪饲喂14.27%的发酵酶解豆粕,试验Ⅱ组仔猪饲喂28.54%的发酵酶解豆粕,研究发酵酶解豆粕对仔猪生长性能、日粮营养物质消化率和血液指标的影响。试验期21 d,试验结束前连续收集粪便3 d,测定饲料养分的表观消化率,试验结束时前腔静脉采血,测定血液指标。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组仔猪的日增重均显著提高(P<0.05),腹泻频率均极显著降低(P<0.01);试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组仔猪日粮中干物质、粗蛋白、有机物的消化率均较对照组显著提高(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组仔猪血液中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和总蛋白(TP)的含量显著提高(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组均显著提高了仔猪血液中白蛋白(ALB)的含量(P<0.05),显著(P<0.05)和极显著(P<0.01)降低了尿素氮(BUN)的含量;试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组均显著降低了血液中丙二醛(MDA)的含量(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果表明,添加发酵酶解豆粕后,仔猪血液中ALP、TP、ALB、超氧化物岐化酶、总抗氧化能力的含量和平均日增重之间存在着正相关(R2=0.632 1,0.779 5,0.984 2,0.995 1,0.947 7),BUN、MDA的含量与日增重之间存在着负相关(R2=0.982 5,0.996 4)。在日粮中添加发酵酶解豆粕,通过提高日粮营养物质表观消化率,改善血液指标,降低仔猪断奶应激性腹泻,从而提高仔猪的生长性能。

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of fermented soybean meal on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and blood indices in piglets.Thirty-six piglets with average body weight of（9.62±0.72） kg were randomly allotted to 3 groups on the basis of litter and weight,and 3 replicates per group and 4 piglets per replicate.The control group was fed basal diet containing 28.54% normal soybean meal,and group I and group Ⅱ were fed basal diet respectively containing 14.27% and 28.54% fermented soybean meal.Serum was collected at 21d for blood parameter measurement and faeces of piglets were collected during a period of 3 consecutive days between 18d to 20d for digestibility measurement.Results showed that piglets in group I and II both had a significant increase in average daily gain（ADG）（P0.05）,and a significant reduction in diarrhea ratio（P0.01）compared with the control group.Fermented soybean meal significantly increased the coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility（CTTAD） of dry matter,protein and organic matter（P0.05）.The levels of alkaline phosphates（ALP） and total protein（TP） in serum of group II were both higher than those of the control group（P0.05）.The level of blood albumin（ALB） in serum in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ was both higher than that of the control group（P0.05）,and the level of blood urea nitrogen（BUN）of group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ decreased（P0.05）and significantly decreased（P0.01）respectively.The level of serum malondialdehyde（MDA） in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ was both lower than that of the control group（P0.05）.The results of the correlation analysis showed that the average daily gain of the piglet had positive correlations with the level of ALP,TP,ALB,SOD and T-AOC（R2=0.632 1,0.779 5,0.984 2,0.995 1,0.947 7）,and negative correlations with the level of BUN and MDA in blood（R2=0.982 5,0.996 4）.In conclusion,fermented soybean meal is beneficial to growth performance,apparent digestibility of nutrient and blood indices of piglets.