冬小麦旱地周年覆盖栽培技术

Perennial Mulching Cultivation Technology of Winter Wheat in Dry land Farming

在旱地中采用周年覆盖栽培技术 (秋覆膜 ) ,对汛期降水蒸发的抑制率可达 3 0 %～ 5 0 %,比春覆膜 (对照 )多保蓄 3 172mm/hm2 以上的降水 ;秋覆膜的垄与麦沟形成微型集雨区 ,降水易向沟内径流 ,可多聚水 15 0 0mm/hm2 以上 ,两者合计多蓄水 4672mm/hm2 以上。冬春两季 0～ 10cm地积温 ,垄上与垄底分别增加约 40 0℃和 2 0 0℃。土壤内各种微生物增加 0 .66～ 1.2倍 ,土壤总孔隙度提高 4.5 1%,速效N、P2 O5 、K2 O含量分别增加 5 .88%、2 4.69%、10 .3 1%。旱地冬小麦增产 2 5 .5 %～ 40 .3 %。

More than 300mm of rainfall was accumulated into soil by applying the perennial mulching cultivation technology in dry land farming. The accumulated temperature in 10cm soil layer in winter and spring could increase by 200～400; various soil microbe, by 0.66～1.22 times and the total porosity of soil, by 4.51%. The readily available N, P 2O 5, K 20 in soil could increase by 5.88%, 24.69% and 10.31%, respectively. The yield of wheat can increase by 25.5%～40.3%.