“族员”与“公民”:少数民族政治社会化的路径研究

Ethnic Members and Citizens: Approaches to Political Socialization of Ethnic Minorities

少数民族政治社会化是民族成员与政治系统之间多层面的交互关系。由于少数民族文化的特殊性,民族政治社会化在民族政治体系与国家政治体系两个层面同时进行。少数民族成员双重身份认同的形成,蕴藏着民族成员渴望参与国家公共生活的兴趣和欲望,这为少数民族政治社会化提供了可能性。在此基础上,少数民族通过多样化的渠道实现政治系统信息内化,并通过管理民族事务、参与国家政治生活建构政治行为能力。这一过程集中体现了民族自治权与国家公民权的统一,也是少数民族政治社会化在民族政治体系中形成和发展的关键保证,是理解民族"族员"与政治"公民"关系的基础。

Political socialization of ethnic minorities is a multi - level interaction between ethnic members and political systems. Due to the particularity of minority cultures, the national political socialization proceeds at two levels, the national political system and the state political system simuhaneously. The formation of the double identity of minority members reveals interests and desires of the ethnic members, who are eager to participate in the national public life and provides a possibility of the political socialization of ethnic minori- ties. On this basis, minority members achieve the internalization of the political - system＇ s information through diverse channels and improve the abilities of political behavior through managing national affairs and participating in the national political life. This process reflects the unification of the national autonomy and national citizenship and it is the key guarantee of the formation and development of political socialization of ethnic minorities in the national political system, which is the basis of understanding the relationship between ＂ ethnic members＂ and ＂citizens＂.