黑死病与中世纪英国经济转型探析

Analysis of the Effect of Black Death on Medieval British Economic Transition

黑死病爆发前,英国农业已进入滞胀阶段,在进一步恶化过程中,黑死病的降临导致英国人口锐减,劳动力严重缺乏,农民斗争加剧,土地、人口和粮食之间比例失调,加速了庄园农奴体制的瓦解,商品经济萌芽、成长,英国农业生产转向商业性畜牧经营。黑死病所造成的后果在一定程度上为后来英国资本主义的发展做好了铺垫。

Before the outbreak of Black Death, the United Kingdom~ agriculture has entered a stage of stagtlation, British population decreased sharply in the process of further exacerbation, which led to the serious lack of labors, the aggravation of farmers struggle and the imbalance among land, population and food, and it accelerated the disintegration of the manor serfdom, the bud and growth of com- modity economy, and the turning of agricultural production to commercial animal husbandry management. The consequences caused by Black Death, to some extent, made preparation for the later development of British capitalism.