右美托咪定在神经阻滞和椎管内麻醉的应用进展

Clinical Application Progress of Dexmedetomidine in Nerve Block and Intraspinal Anesthesia

背景：右美托咪定为高效、高选择性的a2-肾上腺素能激动剂，具有镇静、镇痛、抗焦虑、催眠等作用。作为麻醉辅助药已广泛的应用于临床。目的：就右美托咪定在神经阻滞和椎管内麻醉的应用进展作简人介绍。内容：探讨右美托咪定在神经阻滞和椎管内麻醉中应用的效果及相关作用机制。趋向：右美托咪定应用于神经阻滞和椎管内麻醉中，有良好的镇静作用，对呼吸系统影响小，对术中遗忘有增强作用。具有较广泛的应用前景，而在其给药方式，剂量及作用机制方面还需进一步研究。

Background： Dexmedetomidine is a potent and highly selective alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonist, acts with sedative, analgesic, anxiolytic and hypnosis properties. It has been widely used in clinical anesthesia as an anesthesia adjuvant drug. Objective： This review focuses on the advances of dexmedetomidine in the clinical application of nerve block and intraspinal anesthesia. Content： discuss the effects and relative mechanisms of dexmedetomidine used in nerve block and intraspinal anesthsia. Trend： dexmedetomidine used in nerve block and intraspinal anesthesia as adjuvant drug can provide satisfying sedation, less influences on respiratory system, and enhanced amnesia effect. The administration methods, doses, and mechanisms of dexmedetomidine have to be further researched.